$bLOG

Here is a list of useful unix commands or code parts. Who does not know it? You have a problem and looking for a solution where you find at stack overflow or similar pages? Here I collect all the commands that I have encountered over time or whose switch I simply can not remember (or want).

• How do I find all files containing specific text?

  grep -rnw '/path/to/somewhere/' -e 'pattern'

• How i change the default file permissions (mask that controls file permissions)

  umask

• Untar (unzip) file/folder

  tar -zxvf archive.tar.gz

• Tar (zip) file/folders

  tar -cvzf archive.tar.gz file1 file2

• Copy files via rsync from one host to another

  rsync -avz [USER@]HOST:SOURCE [USER@]HOST:DEST
  rsync -avz [USER@]HOST:SOURCE rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/DEST
  rsync -avz -e "ssh -p 12345" LOCAL/SOURCE [USER@]HOST:DEST

• Using rsync with sudo on the destination machine
  1. Find out the path to rsync: which rsync
  2. Edit the /etc/sudoers file: sudo visudo
  3. Add the line <username> ALL=NOPASSWD:<path to rsync>, where username is the login name of the user that rsync will use to log on. That user must be able to use sudo

Then, on the source machine, specify that sudo rsync shall be used:

rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" SOURCE [USER@]HOST:DEST

• Preserve SSH_AUTH_SOCK (Environment Variables) When Using sudo

  sudo --preserve-env=SSH_AUTH_SOCK -s

• nslookup missing? Install dig

  sudo apt-get install dnsutils

• find without "Permission denied"

  find / -name 'filename.ext' 2>&1 | grep -v "Permission denied"

• flush dns cache

  sudo systemd-resolve --flush-caches

• show open ports

  netstat -tulpn

• Directory size

  du -sh /var
  du -shc /var/*
  du -h --max-depth=1 /var
  du -sh /var/lib/docker/containers/*/*.log

• Search multiple PDF files for a "needle"

  pdfgrep -i needle haystack*.pdf

• Show hidden files with ls

  ls -lar

• Redirect STDOUT and STDERR to a file

  nice-command > out.txt 2>&1

• Installs your SSH public key to a remote host

  sh-copy-id 'user@remotehost'

• A command-line system information tool

  neofetch

• Show disk usage, folder size, items per folder, find big directorys, ... ncdu

  gdu

• Fancy resource monitor

  btop

• Display disk activity

  iotop

• Display network activity

  iftop or iptraf

• Cleanup Docker

  docker system prune --help

• Find and repair disk errors on ext (ext2, ext3 and ext4) filesystems

  sudo e2fsck -f </dev/sda2> 

• Forward TCP/UDP ports with socat

  socat TCP-LISTEN:8080,fork,reuseaddr TCP:homeserver.local:8080

• Traceroute and ping in one, visual console tool

  mtr <host>

• tl;dr - simplified man pages

  tldr

• Extend partition to fill empty space (from cloud-untils)

  growpart /dev/sda 1

• traceroute implementation using TCP packets instead of UDP/ICMP

  tcptraceroute

• List all commands that require sudo

  sudo -l

• Print info about the Linux distribution (name, version, ID, etc.)

  cat /etc/os-release

• Pipe tcpdump directly to Wireshark on Windows when sshdump or port forwarding not working

  ssh user@hostname "sudo tcpdump -i eth0 -U -s0 -w - not port 22" | "C:\Program Files\Wireshark\Wireshark.exe" -k -i -